地點：印度 上密院
時間：2009年10月05日 Monday 5th October, 2009
報導：Tashi Paljor
攝影：Tashi Paljor

森林保育
Forest Conservation

來自印度「世界野生動物基金」的善迪浦當(Sanjeep Pradhan)給了一場生動的森林保育演講。
Sanjeep Pradhan, from World Wildlife Fund India, gave a lively presentation on forestry conservation.

他首先說明森林與控制二氧化碳/氧氣存量的重要性。它們不僅在維繫人類的生命上扮演要角，同時也對孕育大量的多元生命形態極為重要。但是，目前森林已受到威脅，全球性的升溫正顯示了其具毀滅性的後果。
He began by explaining the importance of forests and plants and the critical role they play in supporting not just human life but a vast biodiversity and controlling levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen. However, forests were under threat and already rising temperatures globally showed the devastating effect of this.

冰河是飲用水的重要來源。全球性的升溫代表著冰河的消融與平原的洪災。氣候系統變得不可預測，有些地區受到颱風的肆虐，有些地區卻是乾旱連連，形成飢荒。
Rising temperatures meant glaciers – an important source of drinking water -were melting and disappearing, whereas on the plains there were floods. Weather systems had become unpredictable, so whereas some places suffered from hurricanes, others had drought, which led to famine.

保護環境的責任在於每一個人，我們應當積極行動﹔
The responsibilty to protect the environment lay with everyone; be pro-active:

善迪接著討論到重建森林的幾點成功要素：
Sanjeep then discussed the factors which were necessary for successful regeneration of forest and tree plantation:

創造自然美 – 普拉哈里寺的環保經驗
Creating Natural Beauty – the experience of Phulahari Monastery

堪布裘奇嘉森(Choekyi Gyaltsen)分享了位於尼泊爾的普拉哈里寺的環保活動。
Khenpo Choekyi Gyaltsen described activities at Phulahari Monastery in Nepal.

此寺建于小米與玉米田區。1993年時，寺院訂定了一個園藝計劃，然後在1994年開始種植。這個計劃得力於噶舉傳承大師們的啟發，並且將會持續地獲得啟發。原本的計劃只是美化寺院週邊的環境，但是當僧眾們瞭解到更多關於環保的問題時，這個計劃就演變成了環境保護的計劃。
The monastery was built in an area of millet and corn fields. In 1993 they set up a project to landscape the area around the temple, and began planting in 1994. The inspiration for the work came from and continues to come from the spiritual masters of the Kagyu lineage. The original aim was to beautify the temple surroundings but, as the monks learned more about environmental issues, the aim became one of environmental protection.

僧眾們的園藝知識，都是在他們實踐計劃時，一點一滴地累積起來的。許多他們第一次種下的植物，不是太脆弱，就是被吃掉。所以，他們最後就設立了一個苗圃，來栽培幼苗與幼樹。透過種種的經驗，他們學習到了那些樹種能夠存活、那些無法存活，以及如何保護幼苗、如何在落葉木與長青樹之間取得平衡等等。這一段設立苗圃的歷程花了約有14年之久。目前寺院內，持續不斷地種植、重植、與照顧林木。
Their knowledge of gardening was gleaned from experience as they worked. Many of the first plants were too fragile or were eaten, so they set up a nursery to nurture young plants and saplings, and through experience they discovered which plants would grow and which wouldn’t, how to protect and care for them, and how to achieve a balance, for example, between those with summer foliage and evergreens.

重建天然泉源
Restoring Spring Water Sources

來自「喜馬拉雅自然協會」的生態學家阿爾銀香瑪(Arvind Sharma)講演重建天然泉源。
A local ecologist, Arvind Sharma, from the Himalayan Nature Society, gave a presentation.

阿爾銀指出，只有當水問題發生時，人們才會去思考水是從那來的。「喜馬拉雅自然協會」由英國高級專員公署(the British High Commission)贊助，目標是要重建達蘭莎拉附近的天然泉源，使得村民毋須依賴市政少有的供水﹔它同時也確保附近地區水源的清理與水質的清淨。
He pointed out that until a problem arose, people never gave a thought about where the water came from. The HNS was working to restore natural spring sources in the Dharamsala area, with financial support from the British High Commission, so that villagers were no longer dependent on the infrequent municipal water supply. It ensured that the area around the water supply was cleaned up and checked water purity.

水資源保護行動 – 隆德寺
Water Conservation in Action- Rumtek Monastery

喇嘛嘉森索南 (Gyaltsen Sonam)演講隆德寺如何重建水源，以及如何聯合當地的學童一起來實施環保108準則。
Lama Gyaltsen Sonam gave a presentation of how they restored the water source of Rumtek Monastery and implemented the 108 guidelines to protect the environment with local school childrens.

卓瑪林尼眾學院(Dolma Ling Nunnery)現場參觀
Field Trip to Dolma Ling Nunnery

這一天的壓軸是現場參觀實習，也是最令眾人驚嘆的一項節目，因為它將許多在會議中聽聞到的環保措施實踐出來。
The final event of the day was also the most surprising because it encapsulated so many of the environmentally sound practices that the delegates had been hearing about.

在卓瑪林尼眾學院，可以看到收集紙張與厚紙板的箱子。寺院留下畜養的動物糞便做堆肥，然後將它用於花圃與菜園。寺院從附近的河川汲水，貯存在一個池塘中，然後經過過濾後，便成了飲用水。如此，寺院就有了一個獨立的水源。
There were bins for collecting paper and cardboard for recycling. Manure from the nunnery herd was left to decompose and then used as fertiliser on the gardens and fields. Vegetable waste was collected and composted. The nunnery took water from a local river, collected it in a pond, and then filtered it to provide drinking water so they had an independent water supply.

寺院廚房的熱水是以太陽能加溫的，而寺院所興建的一個新的浴室，也是由裝在屋頂上的太陽能面板來加溫。浴室流出的廢水過濾後，則被用來澆花。
Hot water in the kitchen was provided by solar power. There was a new bathhouse, where the water was heated by solar panels built into the roof, and the wastewater from the bathhouse was filtered and then used to water the gardens.

寺院中同時也設有一個小型的紙張回收工房。在這裡舊報紙與其它舊紙張被打成紙漿，然後變成再生紙，再生紙則被製作成賀卡。賀卡可販售以增加寺院的收入。
There was also a small paper recycling workshop where old newspapers and other old paper were reduced to pulp and turned into paper once more, This paper was then turned into greetings cards which could be sold to generate income.