時間：2018年7月14日
The writer is a senior journalist based in New Delhi(作者是在德里的资深记者).
英翻中：Bamboo

注：这篇文章的有些说法，Bamboo并不怎么认同，但是它说的蒋贡康楚仁波切的经历那段还是很值得一看的。另外Bamboo英语很差，翻的很烂，会英语的最好直接看英文原文。

After having alienated the Dalai Lama, India also seems to have marginalised another tall Buddhist leader, the Karmapa. He had gone to the United States for three months last year and has now refused to return. With the 14th Dalai Lama turning 83 earlier this month, India feels the need to cultivate influential monks to ensure Tibetan unity and support for its position on the Tibetan leader’s succession.
在疏远了达赖喇嘛之后，印度也似乎已经将另一位高层佛教领袖噶玛巴边缘化了。 他去年去了美国三个月，现在拒绝回印度。 随着本月早些时候第十四世达赖喇嘛年满83岁，印度认为有必要培养有影响力的僧侣，以确保西藏统一并支持其对西藏领导人继承的立场。

A disputed succession would divide Tibetans politically and determine the direction of their struggle. It is not clear whether the heads of the various Tibetan Buddhist sects would defer to a child Dalai Lama, whether he reincarnates in India or China. It also remains unclear whether the Tibetan monks can be used by India on the Tibet issue.
有争议的继承将在政治上划分藏人，并决定他们斗争的方向。 目前尚不清楚各个藏传佛教教派的首领是否都会顺从达赖喇嘛，无论他是在印度还是中国转世。 目前还不清楚印度是否可以在西藏问题上指使西藏僧侣。

For this, India needs the support of the Karmapa — the head of the largest Tibetan Buddhist sect, the Kagyu. New Delhi, however, may have already lost influence over him.
为此，印度需要噶玛巴的支持 - 最大的藏传佛教教派噶举派的领袖。 然而，新德里可能已经失去了对他的影响力。

The 17th Karmapa’s position is disputed. While the Dalai Lama and China recognise Ogyen Trinley Dorje as the Karmapa, India recognises a rival, Thaye Trinley Dorje. The former has been treated shabbily by India because it believes that his escape from Tibet to India in 2000 was facilitated by China.
第17世噶玛巴的地位存在争议。 虽然达赖喇嘛和中国承认乌金钦列多杰为噶玛巴，但印度认可了竞争对手泰耶钦列多杰。 前者受到印度的冷遇，因为印度认为2000年他从西藏逃到印度是由中国策划的。

However, in the post-Dalai Lama scenario, the rival contender supported by India, Thaye Trinley Dorje, may not be of much help. He not only publicly challenges the Dalai Lama’s authority but, like China, he also does not accept the Dalai Lama as the supreme Tibetan leader.
然而，如果在达赖喇嘛圆寂后，印度支持的泰耶多杰可能没有多大用处。 他不仅公开挑战达赖喇嘛的权威，而且像中国一样，他也不接受达赖喇嘛作为西藏的最高领导人。

New Delhi seems desperate to invite Ogyen Trinley Dorje back. Yet its intelligence agencies promote stories about him seeking asylum in the US, trying to buy land to settle down there or even returning to China.
新德里似乎不顾一切地邀请乌金钦列多杰回来。 然而，它的情报机构宣称他在美国寻求庇护，试图购买土地以定居在那里甚至返回中国。

It is not surprising therefore that he has fobbed off Indian requests to return. Last year, he promised to return by June 2018, but that deadline is already over.
毫不奇怪地，他已经回绝了印度人的回归请求。去年，他答应在2018年6月前返回，但截止日期已经结束。

The question is whether it is possible for New Delhi to appease Ogyen Trinley Dorje, while simultaneously trying to marginalise him and the monks close to him. Senior monks associated with him facing restrictions within and outside India include the Tai Situ Rinpoche, Mingyur Rinpoche, Thrangu Rinpoche and the Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche. These are all reincarnate lamas of the Kagyu sect.
问题是新德里是否有可能安抚乌金钦列多杰，同时试图将他和与他关系密切的僧侣边缘化。 与他有关的高级僧侣面临印度境内外的限制，包括大司徒仁波切，明就仁波切，创古仁波切和蒋贡康楚仁波切。 这些都是噶举派的转世喇嘛。

The Tai Situ Rinpoche, who represents a 1,000-year old lineage, is suspect in Indian eyes because as one of the four regents of the Kyagu sect he played a crucial role in searching, identifying and helping get Ogyen Trinley Dorje to be recognised as the reincarnation of the 16th Karmapa both by the Dalai Lama and China. In India, he has faced charges of misuse of foreign funds (which could not be proven in court) and travel restrictions, including a bar on entry into Sikkim, Ladakh and the northeastern states.
大司徒仁波切代表者一个一千年历史的传承，但是他在印度人眼里是受到质疑的。因为作为噶举派的四大法子之一，他在寻找、认证和帮助乌金钦列多杰受到达赖喇嘛和中国政府的承认上被认为是关键人物。

The Mingyur Rinpoche is of Nepali origin and head of the Tergar Monastery of the Kagyu sect in Kathmandu and Bodhgaya. He faces severe harassment at immigration whenever he travels to India. Then there is Thrangu Rinpoche, whom both Ogyen Trinley Dorje and the Tai Situ Rinpoche are forbidden to meet.
明就仁波切来自尼泊尔，是噶举派在加德满都和菩提伽耶德噶寺的首领。他每次到印度时，都会面临移民方面的严重骚扰。然后是创古仁波切，他和乌金钦列多杰和大司徒仁波切都被禁止见面。（Bamboo按：这话我实在没看懂。）

The most interesting case is that of a child monk who came of age in India — the 4th Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche. He has suffered terribly because of his association with the Karmapa.
最有意思的案例是在印度成长的小僧人——第四世蒋贡康楚仁波切。由于与噶玛巴的关系，他遭受了极大的痛苦。

He was born in Tibet on November 26, 1995. When he was nine months old, he was recognised as the fourth reincarnation of the Jamgon Kontrul Rinpoche lineage. His birth was prophesised and recognised by the Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje.
他于1995年11月26日出生在西藏。当他九个月大时，被噶玛巴乌金钦列多杰认证为第四世蒋贡康楚仁波切。

When he was two years old, he left Tibet for India to stay at the monastery of his lineage at Lava in Kalimpong. His attendants placed the toddler under the care of a Ms Kunzang Chungyalpa, an Indian national and a retired UN official from Sikkim. She adopted him legally and registered the adoption.
当他两岁时，他离开西藏前往印度，住在Kalimpong的他的传承下的拉瓦佛学院。他的侍者将这个孩子安置在Kunzang Chungyalpa女士的照顾下，她是来自锡金的印度国民和退休联合国官员。她合法地登记领养了他。

In 2000, a passport was issued to the young monk to visit the main monastery of his sect at Pullahari, Kathmandu. This coincided with the arrival in India of the 17th Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje. As he was suspected of being a Chinese agent, the Indian government cracked down on all those who were associated with him, including the Jamgon Kontrul Rinpoche. The young boy was told to surrender his passport, which it was claimed had been acquired through “fraudulent” means.
2000年，一本护照被发给这个年幼的僧人，去访问他在加德满都的主寺——普拉哈利寺。这恰逢第17世噶玛巴乌金钦列多杰抵达印度。因为怀疑噶玛巴是中国间谍，印度政府打击了所有与他有关的人，包括蒋贡康楚仁波切。这名小男孩被告知撤销了他的护照，说这本护照是通过”欺诈“手段获得的。

In 2007 when he was 12, a deportation notice was served on him as he was seen as “a security threat”. The Delhi high court stayed the deportation order when it was challenged by his adoptee mother. Both the passport case and the deportation order are sub-judice for the past 11 years.
2007年，当他12岁时，他被视为“安全威胁”接到了驱逐通知书。德里高等法院在受到他的养母的申诉时，仍然维持驱逐出境令。护照案和驱逐令只是在过去11年里他的官司里的两例。

So frustrated was the young Rinpoche that on August 1, 2016, he renounced monastic life through a Facebook post. “I am not a monk any more. I just want to study and fulfil my wish... With a difficult heart, I have chosen a different lifestyle and will study and pursue my dreams of becoming a doctor,” he wrote.
令人沮丧的是年轻的仁波切在2016年8月1日，通过facebook宣布放弃寺院生活，他写道：“我不再是和尚了。我只是想学习并实现我的愿望......我做了艰难的选择，将追随我的梦想，去学习当一个医生。"

At the time of giving up his robes, he was 21 and without any formal education. He was unable to pursue medicine. He has now joined a group which collects leftover food from Delhi’s five-star hotels and distributes it among the destitute people.
在放弃他的僧服时，他21岁，没有正规学历，所以他无法追求医学。他现在加入了一个小组，该小组从德里的五星级酒店收集剩余食物，并将其分发给贫困人群。

The government has also cancelled his monastery’s permission under the Foreign Contributions Regulation Act to receive funds from devotees abroad. As a result an eye hospital, an old age home, an orphanage and a school run by Rinpoche’s monastery in Kalimpong are on the verge of closure.
根据“外国捐款管理法”，政府还取消了他的佛学院接收国外信众捐款的许可。因此，在Kalimpong,一个眼科医院、一个老人院和一个孤儿院，以及一个仁波切的寺庙运营的学校将关闭。

In preparation for the post-Dalai Lama scenario, India has decided to canvass all important and influential Tibetan monks. After the institutional hostility towards the Karmapa and monks associated with his sect, it will not be easy for India to seek their cooperation. The Karmapa probably thinks that he is unlikely to get a fair deal in India and may choose to stay on in the United States. To then hope that the Karmapa and his monks will still do India’s bidding seems a distant pipedream.
为了准备达赖喇嘛圆寂后的状况，印度决定招揽所有有重要影响力的西藏僧侣。但是在对噶玛巴和他的教派僧侣的敌视后，印度要寻求他们的合作并不容易。噶玛巴可能认为他不太可能在印度获得公平对待，会选择留在美国。那么希望噶玛巴和他的僧侣仍然会为印度效力似乎是一个遥远的白日梦。